Tag: M.W=100-150

Ma, Fei; Wang, Ting-ting; Jiang, Longhe; Zhang, Chun-yang published the artcile< Ultrasensitive detection of telomerase activity in lung cancer cells with quencher-free molecular beacon-assisted quadratic signal amplification>, Recommanded Product: 7H-Purin-2-amine, the main research area is telomerase detection mol beacon quadratic signal amplification; Fluorescence detection; Lung cancer; Molecular beacon; Signal amplification; Telomerase.

Telomerase is an important biomarker for cancer diagnosis and a valuable target for cancer therapy. Most of the reported telomerase assays suffer from the repeating thermal cycles, laborious protocols, expensive instruments and the limited sensitivity. To solve these issues, we develop a new telomerase assay based on telomerization-driven release of fluorescent 2-aminopurine. We designed a 2-aminopurine mol. beacon in which the fluorescence of 2-aminopurine is quenched due to stacking interaction effect without the use of extra quenchers. The presence of target telomerase can open the 2-aminopurine mol. beacon, triggering a quadratic signal amplification reaction to digest abundant 2-aminopurine mol. beacons, releasing large amounts of free 2-aminopurine mols. with strong fluorescence emission. Due to the inherent low background signal of 2-aminopurine mol. beacon and the highly efficient telomerization-driven quadratic signal amplification, this method exhibits high sensitivity with a limit of detection equivalent to 1 human lung cancer A549 cell and a large dynamic range of 4 orders of magnitude from 1 to 10000 cells. Moreover, this method can be further applied for telomerase inhibition assay and the discrimination of cancer cells from normal cells, holding great potential in telomerase-related clin. diagnosis and drug discovery.

Analytica Chimica Acta published new progress about Cancer diagnosis. 452-06-2 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C5H5N5, Recommanded Product: 7H-Purin-2-amine.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Kuznetsova, A. A.; Kladova, O. A.; Barthes, Nicolas P. F.; Michel, Benoit Y.; Burger, Alain; Fedorova, O. S.; Kuznetsov, N. A. published the artcile< Comparative Analysis of Nucleotide Fluorescent Analogs for Registration of DNA Conformational Changes Induced by Interaction with Formamidopyrimidine-DNA Glycosylase Fpg>, SDS of cas: 452-06-2, the main research area is Escherichia DNA Fpg aPu 3HC Cpy tC0.

Abstract: DNA-substrates containing fluorescent DNA base analogs are widely used to study protein-nucleic acid interactions. In the case of DNA-recognizing enzymes, this approach allows one to register conformational changes in DNA during the formation of enzyme-substrate complexes. An important part of such research is the design of model DNA substrates, which includes both the photophys. properties of the fluorescent groups and their location relative to a specific recognition site, namely, in the same chain on the 5′-, 3′-side or in the complementary chain opposite the specific site. In this work, we report a comparative study of the sensitivity of various fluorescent DNA base analogs, such as 2-aminopurine (aPu), pyrrolocytosine (CPy), 1,3-diaza-2-oxophenoxazine (tCO) and 3-hydroxychromone (3HC), to conformational transformations of DNA in the process of interaction with formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (Fpg) from Escherichia coli.

Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry published new progress about DNA Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 452-06-2 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C5H5N5, SDS of cas: 452-06-2.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Bocian, Wojciech; Jazwinski, Jaroslaw; Sadlej, Agnieszka published the artcile< 1H, 13C and 15N NMR studies on adducts formation of rhodium(II) tetraacylates with some azoles in CDCl3 solution>, Recommanded Product: 2-(tert-Butyl)-1H-imidazole, the main research area is rhodium acetate imidazole oxazole pyrazole thiazole complex preparation NMR; chem shift rhodium acetate azole dinuclear complex.

Adduct formations of Rh(II) tetraacetate and tetratrifluoroacetate with some 1H-imidazoles, oxazoles, thiazoles, 1H-pyrazoles and isoxazole were studied using 1H, 13C, 15N NMR and electronic absorption spectroscopy (visible) in the visible range. Azoles tend to form axial adducts containing Rh(II) tetraacylates bonded via N atom. Bulky substituents close to the N atom prevent the Rh-N bond formation, and in several cases switch over the binding site to the O or S atoms. The 15N adduct formation shift Δδ(15N) (Δδ = δadduct – δligand) varied from ∼-40 to -70 ppm for the N atom involved in complexation, and of a few ppm only, from ∼-6 to 3 ppm, for the nonbonded N atom within the same mol. The Δδ(1H) values do not exceed one ppm; Δδ(13C) ranges from -1 to 6 ppm. Various complexation modes were proved by electronic absorption spectroscopy in the visible region (visible). For comparison purposes, some adducts of pyridine, thiophene and furan derivatives were measured as well. The exptl. findings were compared with calculated chem. shifts, obtained by DFT B3LYP method, using 6-311 + G(2d,p), 6-31(d)/LanL2DZ and 6-311G(d,p) basis set.

Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry published new progress about Coordination sphere. 36947-69-0 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C7H12N2, Recommanded Product: 2-(tert-Butyl)-1H-imidazole.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Paterson, Kyle A.; Arlt, Jochen; Jones, Anita C. published the artcile< Dynamic and static quenching of 2-aminopurine fluorescence by the natural DNA nucleotides in solution>, Related Products of 452-06-2, the main research area is nucleoside monophosphate base stacking fluorescence quenching charge transfer.

2-Aminopurine (2AP)is a responsive fluorescent base analog that is used widely as a probe of the local mol. environment in DNA. The ability of 2AP to report changes in local conformation and base-stacking interactions arises from the efficient quenching of its fluorescence by the natural DNA bases. However, the mechanism of this inter-base quenching remains imperfectly understood. Two previous studies of the collisional quenching of 2AP by the natural bases, in different buffer solutions, showed that dynamic quenching efficiency depends on the identity of the natural base, but disagreed on the relative quenching efficiencies of the bases. We report a comprehensive investigation of interbase quenching of 2AP by the natural nucleoside monophosphates(NMPs), replicating the buffer conditions used in the previous studies. Using time-resolved fluorescence measurements to distinguish between dynamic and static quenching, we find that the dynamic quenching rate constants of the different bases show a consistent trend across both buffers, and this is in line with a charge-transfer mechanism. Time-resolved measurements also provide insight into static quenching, revealing formation of 2AP-NMP ground-state complexes in which 2AP displays a very short fluorescence lifetime, comparable to that seen in oligonucleotides. In these complexes, the dependence of the rate of quenching on the partner base also supports a charge-transfer mechanism.

Methods and Applications in Fluorescence published new progress about Buffers. 452-06-2 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C5H5N5, Related Products of 452-06-2.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Caldero-Rodriguez, Naishka E.; Ortiz-Rodriguez, Luis A.; Gonzalez, Andres A.; Crespo-Hernandez, Carlos E. published the artcile< Photostability of 2,6-diaminopurine and its 2'-deoxyriboside investigated by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy>, Application In Synthesis of 452-06-2, the main research area is photostability 26DAP 26DAPd femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy.

UV radiation (UVR) from the sun is essential for the prebiotic syntheses of nucleotides, but it can also induce photolesions such as the cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) to RNA or DNA oligonucleotide in prebiotic Earth. 2,6-Diaminopurine (26DAP) has been proposed to repair CPDs in high yield under prebiotic conditions and be a key component in enhancing the photostability of higher-order prebiotic DNA structures. However, its electronic relaxation pathways have not been studied, which is necessary to know whether 26DAP could have survived the intense UV fluxes of the prebiotic Earth. We investigate the electronic relaxation mechanism of both 26DAP and its 2′-deoxyribonucleoside (26DAP-d) in aqueous solution using steady-state and femtosecond transient absorption measurements that are complemented with electronic-structure calculations The results demonstrate that both purine derivatives are significantly photostable to UVR. It is shown that upon excitation at 287 nm, the lowest energy 1ππ* state is initially populated. The population then branches following two relaxation coordinates in the 1ππ* potential energy surface, which are identified as the C2- and C6-relaxation coordinates. The population following the C6-coordinate internally converts to the ground state nonradiatively through a nearly barrierless conical intersection within 0.7 ps in 26DAP or within 1.1 ps in 26DAP-d. The population that follows the C2-relaxation coordinate decays back to the ground state by a combination of nonradiative internal conversion via a conical intersection and fluorescence emission from the 1ππ* min. in 43 ps and 1.8 ns for the N9 and N7 tautomers of 26DAP, resp., or in 70 ps for 26DAP-d. Fluorescence quantum yields of 0.037 and 0.008 are determined for 26DAP and 26DAP-d, resp. Collectively, it is demonstrated that most of the excited state population in 26DAP and 26DAP-d decays back to the ground state via both nonradiative and radiative relaxation pathways. This result lends support to the idea that 26DAP could have accumulated in large enough quantities during the prebiotic era to participate in the formation of prebiotic RNA or DNA oligomers and act as a key component in the protection of the prebiotic genetic alphabet.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics published new progress about Absorption spectroscopy (Femtosecond Transient). 452-06-2 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C5H5N5, Application In Synthesis of 452-06-2.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Seelam, Preethi P.; Mitra, Abhijit; Sharma, Purshotam published the artcile< Pairing interactions between nucleobases and ligands in aptamer:ligand complexes of riboswitches: crystal structure analysis, classification, optimal structures, and accurate interaction energies>, Formula: C5H5N5, the main research area is nucleobases ligands riboswitches crystal structure.

In the present work, 67 crystal structures of the aptamer domains of RNA riboswitches are chosen for anal. of the structure and strength of hydrogen bonding (pairing) interactions between nucleobases constituting the aptamer binding pockets and the bound ligands. A total of 80 unique base:ligand hydrogen-bonded pairs containing at least two hydrogen bonds were identified through visual inspection. Classification of these contacts in terms of the interacting edge of the aptamer nucleobase revealed that interactions involving the Watson-Crick edge are the most common, followed by the sugar edge of purines and the Hoogsteen edge of uracil. Alternatively, classification in terms of the chem. constitution of the ligand yields five unique classes of base:ligand pairs: base:base, base:amino acid, base:sugar, base:phosphate, and base:other. This indicates that these contacts are well-defined RNA aptamer:ligand interaction motifs. The anal. was further extended to study the biol. importance of base:ligand interactions in the binding pocket of the tetrahydrofolate riboswitch and thiamine pyrophosphate riboswitch. Overall, our study helps in understanding the structural and energetic features of base:ligand pairs in riboswitches, which could aid in developing meaningful hypotheses in the context of RNA:ligand recognition. This can, in turn, contribute toward current efforts to develop antimicrobials that target RNAs.

RNA published new progress about Amino acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 452-06-2 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C5H5N5, Formula: C5H5N5.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Patutina, Olga; Chiglintseva, Daria; Bichenkova, Elena; Gaponova, Svetlana; Mironova, Nadezhda; Vlassov, Valentin; Zenkova, Marina published the artcile< Dual miRNases for triple incision of miRNA target: design concept and catalytic performance>, Safety of 7H-Purin-2-amine, the main research area is microRNA21 microRNAR155 microRNA17a oligonucleotide peptide catalysis; RNA cleavage; RNase H; anti-miRNA therapy; artificial ribonuclease; miRNase; oligonucleotide-peptide conjugate; oncogenic miRNA.

Irreversible destruction of disease-associated regulatory RNA sequences offers exciting opportunities for safe and powerful therapeutic interventions against human pathophysiol. In 2017, for the first time we introduced miRNAses-miRNA-targeted conjugates of a catalytic peptide and oligonucleotide capable of cleaving an miRNA target. Herein, we report the development of Dual miRNases against oncogenic miR-21, miR-155, miR-17 and miR-18a, each containing the catalytic peptide placed in-between two short miRNA-targeted oligodeoxyribonucleotide recognition motifs. Substitution of adenines with 2-aminoadenines in the sequence of oligonucleotide “”shoulders”” of the Dual miRNase significantly enhanced the efficiency of hybridization with the miRNA target. It was shown that sequence-specific cleavage of the target by miRNase proceeded metal-independently at pH optimum 5.5-7.5 with an efficiency varying from 15% to 85%, depending on the miRNA sequence. A distinct advantage of the engineered nucleases is their ability to addnl. recruit RNase H and cut miRNA at three different locations. Such cleavage proceeds at the central part by Dual miRNase, and at the 5′- and 3′-regions by RNase H, which significantly increases the efficiency of miRNA degradation Due to increased activity at lowered pH Dual miRNases could provide an addnl. advantage in acidic tumor conditions and may be considered as efficient tumor-selective RNA-targeted therapeutic.

Molecules published new progress about MicroRNA-155 Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 452-06-2 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C5H5N5, Safety of 7H-Purin-2-amine.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Radhakrishnan, Harikrishnan; Javitz, Harold S.; Bhatnagar, Parijat published the artcile< Lentivirus Manufacturing Process for Primary T-Cell Biofactory Production>, Recommanded Product: 7H-Purin-2-amine, the main research area is FRalpha HDAC CAR T cell growth viral infection; CAR T cells; cell engineering; cell manufacturing; drug delivery; high-titer lentivirus production.

A process for maximizing the titer of lentivirus particles, deemed to be a necessity for transducing primary cells, is developed. Lentivirus particles, with a set of transgenes encoding an artificial cell-signaling pathway, are used to transform primary T cells as vectors for calibrated synthesis of desired proteins in situ, i.e., T-cell biofactory cells. The process is also used to generate primary T cells expressing antigen-specific chimeric antigen receptors, i.e., CAR T cells. The two differently engineered primary T cells are expanded and validated for their resp. functions, i.e., calibrated synthesis of desired proteins upon engaging the target cells, which is specific for the T-cell biofactory cells, and cytolysis of the target cells common to both types of cells. The process is compliant with current Good Manufacturing Practices and can be used to support the scale-up for clin. translation.

Advanced Biosystems published new progress about Biomarkers. 452-06-2 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C5H5N5, Recommanded Product: 7H-Purin-2-amine.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Ikezaki, Akira; Nakamura, Mikio published the artcile< Models for Cytochromes c': Spin States of Mono(imidazole)-Ligated (meso-Tetramesitylporphyrinato)iron(III) Complexes as Studied by UV-Vis, 13C NMR, 1H NMR, and EPR Spectroscopy>, HPLC of Formula: 36947-69-0, the main research area is cytochrome c model imidazole iron porphyrin complex; spin state imidazole iron porphyrin complex; ESR imidazole iron porphyrinato; solvent effect spin state imidazole iron porphinato; UV visible imidazole iron porphyrin complex; NMR chem shift imidazole iron porphyrin complex.

A number of mono(imidazole)-ligated complexes of (meso-tetramesitylporphyrinato)iron(III) perchlorate, [Fe(TMP)L]ClO4, were prepared, and their spin states were examined by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and EPR spectroscopy as well as solution magnetic moments. All the complexes examined showed a quantum mech. spin admixed state of high and intermediate-spin (S = 5/2 and 3/2) states, though the contribution of the S = 3/2 state varies depending on the nature of axial ligands. While the complex with extremely bulky 2-tert-butylimidazole (2-tBuIm) has exhibited an essentially pure S = 5/2 state, the complex with electron-deficient 4,5-dichloroimidazole (4,5-Cl2Im) adopts an S = 3/2 state with 30% of the S = 5/2 spin admixture From the 1H and 13C NMR results, the S = 3/2 contribution at ambient temperature increases according to the following order: 2-tBuIm < 2-(1-EtPr)Im < 2-MeIm ≤ 2-EtIm ≤ 2-iPrIm < 4,5-Cl2Im. The effective magnetic moments determined by the Evans method in CH2Cl2 solution are 5.9 and 5.0 μB at 25° for [Fe(TMP)(2-tBuIm)]ClO4 and [Fe(TMP)(2-MeIm)]ClO4, resp., which further verify the order given above. Comparison of the NMR and EPR data revealed that the S = 3/2 contribution changes sensitively by the temperature; the S = 3/2 contribution decreases as the temperature is lowered for all the mono(imidazole) complexes examined The solvent polarity also affects the spin state; polar solvents such as MeOH and MeCN increase the S = 3/2 contribution while nonpolar solvents such as benzene decrease it. These results are explained in terms of the structurally flexible nature of the mono(imidazole) complexes; structural parameters such as the Fe(III)-Naxial bond length, displacement of the Fe from the N4 core, tilting of the Fe(III)-Naxial bond to the heme normal, orientation of the coordinated imidazole ligand, etc., could be altered by the nature of the axial ligands as well as by the solvent polarity and temperature Some mysteries on the spin states of cytochromes c' isolated from various bacterial sources are possibly explained in terms of the flexible nature of the mono(imidazole)-ligated structure. Inorganic Chemistry published new progress about ESR (electron spin resonance). 36947-69-0 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C7H12N2, HPLC of Formula: 36947-69-0.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Imidazole is a heterocyclic compound with a five-membered planar ring. It is amphoteric and highly polar. 60-56-0, formula is C4H6N2S, Name is 1-Methyl-1H-imidazole-2(3H)-thione. The pharmacophore of imidazole exists in bioactive compounds including amino acids, plant growth regulators and therapeutic agents. Product Details of C4H6N2S.

Jiang, Chenglin;Sun, Ju;Li, Rui;Yan, Shijuan;Chen, Wei;Guo, Liang;Qin, Guochen;Wang, Pengcheng;Luo, Cheng;Huang, Wenjie;Zhang, Qinghua;Fernie, Alisdair R.;Jackson, David;Li, Xiang;Yan, Jianbing research published 《 A reactive oxygen species burst causes haploid induction in maize》, the research content is summarized as follows. Haploid induction (HI) is an important tool in crop breeding. Phospholipase A1 (ZmPLA1)/NOT LIKE DAD (NLD)/MATRILINEAL (MTL) is a key gene controlling HI in maize; however, the underlying mol. mechanism remains unclear. In this study, to dissect why loss of ZmPLA1 function could mediate HI we performed a comprehensive multiple omics anal. of zmpla1 mutant anthers by integrating transcriptome, metabolome, quant. proteome, and protein modification data. Functional classes of significantly enriched or differentially abundant mol. entities were found to be associated with the oxidative stress response, suggesting that a reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst plays a critical role in HI. In support of this, we further discovered that a simple chem. treatment of pollen with ROS reagents could lead to HI. Moreover, we identified ZmPOD65, which encodes a sperm-specific peroxidase, as a new gene controlling HI. Taken together, our study revealed a likely mechanism of HI, discovered a new gene controlling HI, and created a new method for HI in maize, indicating the importance of ROS balance in maintaining normal reproduction and providing a potential route to accelerate crop breeding.

60-56-0, Methimazole is an antithyroid compound found to have antioxidant properties. Methimazole inhibits activation of the IFN-g-induced Janus kinase (JAK)/STAT signaling pathway in FRTL-5 thyroid cells, which may account for its immunodolulatory effects. Additionally, methimazole is an inhibitor of thyroperoxidase.

Methimazole is a thiourea antithyroid agent that prevents iodine organification, thus inhibiting the synthesis of thyroxine. Antihyperthyroid.

Methimazole is an inhibitor of thyroid hormone synthesis. It is a substrate for thyroid peroxidase that traps oxidized iodide, preventing its use by thyroglobulin for thyroid hormone synthesis. Methimazole (0.4 mg/kg) inhibits the absorption of radiolabeled iodide by the thyroid gland in rats by 80.9%.3 It reduces the incidence of lymphocytic thyroiditis in the insulin-dependent type 1 diabetic BB/W rat. Methimazole has been used to induce hypothyroidism in mice. Formulations containing methimazole have been used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism.

Methimazole is a thyreostatic compound, and an antihormone, which is widely used in medicine for the treatment of hyperthyroidism.

Methimazole is a thioamide inhibitor of the enzyme thyroid peroxidase (TPO), with antithyroid activity. Upon administration, methimazole inhibits the metabolism of iodide and the iodination of tyrosine residues in the thyroid hormone precursor thyroglobulin by TPO; this prevents the synthesis of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4).

Methimazole is an antithyroid medication which is now considered the first line agent for medical therapy of hyperthyroidism and Graves disease. Methimazole has been linked to serum aminotransferase elevations during therapy as well as to a clinically apparent, idiosyncratic liver injury that is typically cholestatic and self-limited in course.
Methimazole, also known as tapazole or danantizol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as imidazolethiones. These are aromatic compounds containing an imidazole ring which bears a thioketone group. Methimazole is a drug which is used for the treatment of hyperthyroidism, goiter, graves disease and psoriasis. Methimazole is soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Methimazole has been detected in multiple biofluids, such as urine and blood. Methimazole can be converted into methimazole S-oxide., Product Details of C4H6N2S

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem