Tag: 300-400

Schotten, Christiane; Taylor, Connor J.; Bourne, Richard A.; Chamberlain, Thomas W.; Nguyen, Bao N.; Kapur, Nik; Willans, Charlotte E. published their research in Reaction Chemistry & Engineering in 2021. The article was titled 《Alternating polarity for enhanced electrochemical synthesis》.Computed Properties of C21H25ClN2 The article contains the following contents:

Synthetic electrochem. has recently become an exciting technol. for chem. synthesis. The majority of reported syntheses use either constant current or constant potential, however a few use non-linear profiles – mostly alternating polarity – to maintain efficiency throughout the process, such as controlling deposits on electrodes or ensuring even use of electrodes. However, even though parameters that are associated with such profiles, such as the frequency, can have a major impact on the reaction outcome, they are often not investigated. Herein, we report the crucial impact that the applied frequency of the alternating polarity has on the observed reaction rate of Cu(I)-NHC complex formation and demonstrate that this can be manipulated to give enhanced yield that is stable over extended reaction times. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 141556-45-8Computed Properties of C21H25ClN2)

1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 141556-45-8) is a ligand for arylation of aldehydes and for carbene catalyzed intermolecular arylation of C-H bonds. It is used as a phosphine-free ligand in various metal-catalyzed coupling reactions, often with advantageous results in difficult cases.Computed Properties of C21H25ClN2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

《The pKa values of N-arylimidazolinium salts, their higher homologues, and formamidinium salts in dimethyl sulfoxide》 was published in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2020. These research results belong to Konstandaras, Nicholas; Dunn, Michelle H.; Luis, Ena T.; Cole, Marcus L.; Harper, Jason B.. Recommanded Product: 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride The article mentions the following:

A series of imidazolinium salts, their six-, seven- and eight-membered homologues, and the related formamidinium salts were prepared, and their pKa values were determined in DMSO at 25°C using the bracketing indicator method. The effect of each type of structural variation on the acidity of each salt was considered, particularly noting the importance of ring size and the effect of the steric and electronic nature of the N-aryl substituents. The effect of a cyclic structure was also probed through comparing the cyclic systems with the corresponding formamidinium salts, noting the importance of conformational flexibility in the latter cases. Along with allowing choice of appropriate bases for deprotonation of these species, it is anticipated that the data presented will aid in the understanding of the nucleophilicity, and potentially catalytic efficacy, of the corresponding carbenes. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 141556-45-8Recommanded Product: 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride)

1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 141556-45-8) is a ligand for arylation of aldehydes and for carbene catalyzed intermolecular arylation of C-H bonds. It is used as a phosphine-free ligand in various metal-catalyzed coupling reactions, often with advantageous results in difficult cases.Recommanded Product: 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

In 2022,Iwamoto, Hiroaki; Ozawa, Yu; Hayashi, Yuta; Imamoto, Tsuneo; Ito, Hajime published an article in Journal of the American Chemical Society. The title of the article was 《Conformationally Fixed Chiral Bisphosphine Ligands by Steric Modulators on the Ligand Backbone: Selective Synthesis of Strained 1,2-Disubstituted Chiral cis-Cyclopropanes》.Reference of 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride The author mentioned the following in the article:

C1-sym. P-chirogenic bisphosphine ligands (R)-5,8-Si-Quinox-tBu3 (Silyl = SiMe3, SiEt3, SiMe2Ph) were developed. The bulky silyl modulators attached to the ligand backbone fix the phosphine substituents to form rigid chiral environments that can be used for substrate recognition. The ligand showed high performances for a Cu(I)-catalyzed asym. borylative cyclopropanation of bulky silyl-substituted allylic electrophiles to afford higher disfavored 1,2-cis-silyl-boryl-cyclopropanes than the other possible isomers, trans-cyclopropane and allylboronate (up to 97% yield; 98% ee; cis/trans = >99:1; cyclopropane/allylboronate = >99:1). Detailed computational studies suggested that the highly rigid phosphine conformation, which is virtually undisturbed by the steric interactions with the bulky silyl-substituted allyl electrophiles, is key to the high stereo- and product-selectivities. Also, the detailed computational anal. provided insight into the mechanism of the stereoretention or -inversion of the chiral alkylcopper(I) intermediate in the intramol. cyclization. In the experiment, the researchers used 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 141556-45-8Reference of 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride)

1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 141556-45-8) is a ligand for arylation of aldehydes and for carbene catalyzed intermolecular arylation of C-H bonds. It is used as a phosphine-free ligand in various metal-catalyzed coupling reactions, often with advantageous results in difficult cases.Reference of 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

《A Versatile Electrochemical Batch Reactor for Synthetic Organic and Inorganic Transformations and Analytical Electrochemistry》 was written by Stephen, Hamish R.; Schotten, Christiane; Nicholls, Thomas P.; Woodward, Madeleine; Bourne, Richard A.; Kapur, Nikil; Willans, Charlotte E.. Name: 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride And the article was included in Organic Process Research & Development in 2020. The article conveys some information:

A standardized and versatile electrochem. batch reactor that has wide applicability in both organic and inorganic synthesis and anal. electrochem. was developed. A variety of synthetic electrochem. transformations were performed to showcase the versatility and demonstrate the reactor, including the synthesis of five Cu(I)-NHC complexes, two Au(I)-NHC complexes, and one Fe(II)-NHC complex as well as an Fe(III)-salen complex. The reactor is based on a com. available vial with an adapted lid, making it inexpensive and highly flexible. It features a fixed interelectrode distance, which is crucial for reproducibility, along with the ability to accommodate a variety of interchangeable electrode materials. The reactor also was used in conjunction with a parallel plate, allowing rapid screening and optimization of an organic electrochem. transformation. Cyclic voltammetry was performed within the reactor on a range of imidazolium salt analytes using an external potentiostat. The ability to use this reactor for both anal. and synthetic organic and inorganic chem. is enabled by a flexible and characterizable design. In addition to this study using 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride, there are many other studies that have used 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 141556-45-8Name: 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride) was used in this study.

1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 141556-45-8) is a ligand for arylation of aldehydes and for carbene catalyzed intermolecular arylation of C-H bonds. It is used as a phosphine-free ligand in various metal-catalyzed coupling reactions, often with advantageous results in difficult cases.Name: 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Wenzel, Anna G.; Grubbs, Robert H. published their research in Journal of the American Chemical Society on December 20 ,2006. The article was titled 《Ruthenium Metallacycles Derived from 14-Electron Complexes. New Insights into Olefin Metathesis Intermediates》.HPLC of Formula: 866926-59-2 The article contains the following contents:

Ru(IV) metallacycles derived from both ethylene and propene are reported. The propene-derived metallacycles represent the 1st observed examples of substituted ruthenacyclobutanes and offer new insight into the preferred stereochem. orientation about metathesis intermediates. The authors showed evidence supporting the bottom-face orientation of Ru(IV) metallacycles derived from both ethylene and propene. The unsym. disubstituted 1-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-3-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazolinium chloride ([H2ImesiPrH]+Cl-) and the ruthenium carbene complex [(H2ImesiPr)Ru(:CHPCy3)(Cl)2]+[BF4]- were prepared The mol. structure of the ruthenium carbene complex was determined by x-ray crystallog. Reaction of the ruthenium carbene complex with ethylene gave a ruthenacyclobutane possessing an unsym. N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand. The complex was studied to ascertain the dynamics of the NHC relative to the metallacycle ring. Ruthenacyclobutanes studied possess exchange cross-peaks between the α- and β-positions in the 2-dimensional NMR, indicating a dynamic structure. The ruthenacyclobutanes derived from ethylene and propene proceed through nonproductive metallacycle formations/cycloreversions prior to olefin exchange. The implications of these results to the mechanism of Ru-catalyzed olefin metathesis are discussed. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 1-(2,6-Diisopropylphenyl)-3-mesityl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 866926-59-2HPLC of Formula: 866926-59-2)

1-(2,6-Diisopropylphenyl)-3-mesityl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 866926-59-2) belongs to imidazoles.Imidazole rings are also present in imidazole ring alkaloids, which are potential therapeutics for thrombosis, cancer and inflammatory diseases.HPLC of Formula: 866926-59-2 Although other azole heterocycles are ubiquitous in a wide range of biologically active natural products, imidazole rings occur predominantly in the natural amino acid histidine.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

In 2022,Miyakoshi, Takeru; Niggli, Nadja E.; Baudoin, Olivier published an article in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition. The title of the article was 《Remote Construction of N-Heterocycles via 1,4-Palladium Shift-Mediated Double C-H Activation》.Reference of 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride The author mentioned the following in the article:

In the past years, Pd0-catalyzed C(sp3)-H activation provided efficient and step-economical methods to synthesize carbo- and heterocycles via direct C(sp2)-C(sp3) bond formation. Herein, a 1,4-Pd shift allows access to N-heterocycles which are difficult to build via a direct reaction. It is shown that o-bromo-N-methylanilines undergo a 1,4-Pd shift at the N-Me group, followed by intramol. trapping by C(sp2)-H or C(sp3)-H activation at another nitrogen substituent and remote C-C bond formation to generate biol. relevant isoindolines and β-lactams. The product selectivity is influenced by the employed ligand, with NHCs favoring the product of remote C-C coupling against products arising from direct C-C coupling and N-demethylation. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 141556-45-8Reference of 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride)

1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 141556-45-8) is a ligand for arylation of aldehydes and for carbene catalyzed intermolecular arylation of C-H bonds. It is used as a phosphine-free ligand in various metal-catalyzed coupling reactions, often with advantageous results in difficult cases.Reference of 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

《General Synthesis of Trialkyl- and Dialkylarylsilylboranes: Versatile Silicon Nucleophiles in Organic Synthesis》 was published in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2020. These research results belong to Shishido, Ryosuke; Uesugi, Minami; Takahashi, Rikuro; Mita, Tsuyoshi; Ishiyama, Tatsuo; Kubota, Koji; Ito, Hajime. Category: imidazoles-derivatives The article mentions the following:

Silylboranes R3SiBpin were prepared by transition metal-catalyzed borylation of hydrosilanes R3SiH with pinB-Bpin; versatility of silicon nucleophiles thus obtained is explored in coupling and conjugate addition reactions. Compared to carbon-based nucleophiles, the number of silicon-based nucleophiles that is currently available remains limited, which significantly hampers the structural diversity of synthetically accessible silicon-based mols. Given the high synthetic utility and ease of handling of carbon-based boron nucleophiles, silicon-based boron nucleophiles, i.e., silylboranes, have received considerable interest in recent years as nucleophilic silylation reagents that are activated by transition-metal catalysts or bases. However, the range of practically accessible silylboranes remains limited. In particular, the preparation of sterically hindered and functionalized silylboranes remains a significant challenge. Here, we report the use of rhodium and platinum catalysts for the direct borylation of hydrosilanes with bis(pinacolato)diboron, which allows the synthesis of new trialkylsilylboranes that bear bulky alkyl groups and functional groups as well as new dialkylarylsilylboranes that are difficult to synthesize via conventional methods using alkali metals. We further demonstrate that these compounds can be used as silicon nucleophiles in organic transformations, which significantly expands the scope of synthetically accessible organosilicon compounds compared to previously reported methods. Thus, the present study can be expected to inspire the development of efficient methods for novel silicon-containing bioactive mols. and organic materials with desirable properties. We also report the first 11B{1H} and 29Si{1H} NMR spectroscopic evidence for the formation of iPr3SiLi generated by the reaction of iPr3Si-B(pin) with MeLi. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 141556-45-8Category: imidazoles-derivatives)

1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 141556-45-8) is a ligand for arylation of aldehydes and for carbene catalyzed intermolecular arylation of C-H bonds. It is used as a phosphine-free ligand in various metal-catalyzed coupling reactions, often with advantageous results in difficult cases.Category: imidazoles-derivatives

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

《Access to dihydropyrano[3,2-b]pyrrol-5-ones skeletons by N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed [3+3] annulations》 was published in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2020. These research results belong to Wu, Ya-Tong; Zhang, Rui; Duan, Xiao-Yong; Yu, Hai-Fei; Sun, Bo-Yu; Qi, Jing. Application In Synthesis of 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride The article mentions the following:

A novel and efficient NHC-catalyzed [3+3] annulation of enals, e.g., RCH:CHCHO (R = n-hexyl, cyclohexyl, Ph, furan-2-yl, etc.), with pyrrol-4-ones I (R1 = Me, Et, t-Bu; R2 = EtO2C, Boc) was developed, thus providing the dihydropyrano[3,2-b]pyrrol-5-one core structures, e.g., II, with broad scope and good to excellent enantioselectivities. Notably, this strategy could also be expanded to the synthesis of axially chiral compounds and polysubstituted indoles. In addition to this study using 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride, there are many other studies that have used 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 141556-45-8Application In Synthesis of 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride) was used in this study.

1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 141556-45-8) is a ligand for arylation of aldehydes and for carbene catalyzed intermolecular arylation of C-H bonds. It is used as a phosphine-free ligand in various metal-catalyzed coupling reactions, often with advantageous results in difficult cases.Application In Synthesis of 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

《N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed tandem imine umpolung-aza-Michael addition-oxidation of β-carboline cyclic imines》 was published in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2020. These research results belong to Satyam, Killari; Harish, Battu; Nanubolu, Jagadeesh Babu; Suresh, Surisetti. Application of 141556-45-8 The article mentions the following:

An NHC-catalyzed umpolung of β-carboline-based cyclic imines for their conversion to the corresponding N-substituted cyclic amides. The key to the success of this transformation appears to be that NHC upon reaction with the imine concomitantly goes through the generation of an aza-Breslow intermediate and aza-Michael addition followed by oxidation with mol. oxygen to deliver the N-substituted amide products. The developed method has enabled the synthesis of various biol. relevant β-carboline-1-one derivatives in good yields. After reading the article, we found that the author used 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 141556-45-8Application of 141556-45-8)

1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 141556-45-8) is a ligand for arylation of aldehydes and for carbene catalyzed intermolecular arylation of C-H bonds. It is used as a phosphine-free ligand in various metal-catalyzed coupling reactions, often with advantageous results in difficult cases.Application of 141556-45-8

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

《Aggregation and Particle Formation During Pumping of an Antibody Formulation Are Controlled by Electrostatic Interactions Between Pump Surfaces and Protein Molecules》 was written by Wu, Hao; Randolph, Theodore W.. Formula: C21H25ClN2 And the article was included in Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Philadelphia, PA, United States) in 2020. The article conveys some information:

Aggregates and particles may be generated by pos. displacement piston pumps during fill-finishing operations for protein formulations. We investigated potential factors that might contribute to aggregation in i.v. IgG (IVIG) formulations during pumping, including electrostatic interactions between protein mols. and pump surfaces, cavitation, and aggregate nucleation from particles shed from pumps. Electrostatic interactions were investigated by modifying pump surface chem. Cavitation as a potential cause of particle formation was investigated by changing pumping speeds, and the possibility that particles shed from pump surfaces act to nucleate protein aggregation was explored by spiking prepumped buffer solutions into IVIG formulations. Neither cavitation nor particles shed from pump surfaces played dominant roles in generating particles. Per pump cycle, production of particles and protein aggregates was constant, and corresponded with the amount of protein expected to adsorb on pump surfaces at monolayer coverage. More subvisible particles and protein aggregates were generated in formulations containing higher concentrations of IVIG, but they reached a plateau at protein concentrations above 2 mg/mL, where adsorption isotherms saturated Neg. charged pump surfaces interacted with the pos. charged IVIG to produce more particles and aggregates than pos. charged surfaces, an effect ascribed to electrostatic interactions that moderated rates of protein adsorption. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found 1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 141556-45-8Formula: C21H25ClN2)

1,3-Dimesityl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride(cas: 141556-45-8) is a ligand for arylation of aldehydes and for carbene catalyzed intermolecular arylation of C-H bonds. It is used as a phosphine-free ligand in various metal-catalyzed coupling reactions, often with advantageous results in difficult cases.Formula: C21H25ClN2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem