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Cobalt-catalyzed synthesis of N-containing heterocycles via cyclization of ortho-substituted anilines with CO₂/H₂ was written by Ke, Zhengang;Yu, Bo;Wang, Huan;Xiang, Junfeng;Han, Juanjuan;Wu, Yunyan;Liu, Zhenghui;Yang, Peng;Liu, Zhimin. And the article was included in Green Chemistry in 2019.Recommanded Product: 4887-83-6 This article mentions the following:

A non-noble metal catalytic system composed of CoF₂, CsF and P(CH₂CH₂PPh₂)₃ (denoted as PP₃) for the synthesis of N-containing heterocycles, e.g., I from ortho-substituted amines, e.g., 2,3-diaminonaphthalene and CO₂/H₂ has been reported. Mechanism investigation indicates that [Co(PP₃)H(CO₂)]⁺ is a catalytically active intermediate under working conditions; and CsF plays important roles in activating ortho-substituted anilines via hydrogen bond interactions, thus promoting the formation of the final products. This catalytic system is highly efficient, and allows a wide scope of ortho-substituted anilines, together with excellent functional group tolerance, affording various N-containing heterocycles in good to excellent yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 7-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (cas: 4887-83-6Recommanded Product: 4887-83-6).

7-Methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (cas: 4887-83-6) belongs to imidazole derivatives. 1H-imidazole is an imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1. It is a conjugate base of an imidazolium cation. It is a conjugate acid of an imidazolide. It is a tautomer of a 4H-imidazole. Imidazole derivatives have antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer functionality. It interacts with DNA and also binds to protein and stops cell division.Recommanded Product: 4887-83-6

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

A convenient approach to difluoromethylated all-carbon quaternary centers via Ni(II)-catalyzed enantioselective Michael addition was written by Yu, Xuan;Bai, Hui;Wang, Dong;Qin, Zhaohai;Li, Jia-Qi;Fu, Bin. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2018.Computed Properties of C6H8N2O This article mentions the following:

A Ni(II)-catalyzed enantioselective Michael addition of 2-acetyl azarenes with β-difluoromethyl substituted nitroalkenes was successfully realized, which afforded chiral CF₂H-containing compounds in good enantioselectivities (up to 93% ee). This protocol provided a new convenient approach to all-carbon quaternary stereogenic centers featuring a CF₂H group. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 85692-37-1Computed Properties of C6H8N2O).

1-(1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanone (cas: 85692-37-1) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole derivatives generally have good solubility in protic solvents. Simple imidazole derivatives, such as 1H-imidazole, 2-methyl-1H-imidazole, and 1,2-dimethylimidazole, have very high solubility in water. Imidazole has been usedin the lysis, wash and elution buffer for the purification of histidine tagged Sonic Hedgehog(shh-N) protein, in elution buffer in stepwise gradient for the purification of histidine tagged aldo keto reductases using nickel affinity chromatography, as a component of homogenization buffer for the purification of phagosomal compartments from dendritic cells.Computed Properties of C6H8N2O

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Adsorption and Tribochemical Factors Affecting the Lubrication of Silicon-Based Materials by (Fluorinated) Ionic Liquids was written by Arcifa, Andrea;Rossi, Antonella;Spencer, Nicholas D.. And the article was included in Journal of Physical Chemistry C in 2017.Application In Synthesis of 3-Dodecyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide This article mentions the following:

The tribol. behavior of a silica/silicon tribopair lubricated with anhydrous fluorinated ionic liquids was investigated by pin-on-disk tribometry. A first series of tests was designed to detect the onset of surface damage as a function of sliding speed. 1-ethyl-, 1-hexyl-, and 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([EMIM] TFSI, [HMIM] TFSI, and [DDMIM] TFSI, resp.), and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tris(perfluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate ([EMIM] FAP) were selected as lubricants. Elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) predictive formulas for min. film thickness (h_0 EHL) were used to estimate the value of the critical h_0 EHL at the transition to mixed lubrication, which was identified on the basis of the variations observed in friction upon decreasing the sliding speed. Taking into account the composite roughness of the counterparts (R_q ∼ 1.1 nm), the differences in the critical values of h_0 EHL measured for the various ILs are suggested to reflect changes in the interfacial structure of the confined ILs. In particular, the possible effects associated with the alkyl chain attached to the imidazolium cation or with the type of anion are discussed on the basis of models of the IL-solid interface presented in the recent literature. The second part of the investigation focuses on the tribol. behavior observed with a SiO₂/Si tribopair lubricated with 1-ethyl- and 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium-based bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ILs under boundary conditions. Tests were carried out under conditions that prevent fluid-film lubrication, so as to allow the study of the boundary-lubrication regime over an extended range of speed. The mechanism of wear was investigated on the basis of a chem., structural, and topog. anal. of the worn surfaces. The prevailing mode of surface damage is described on the basis of a comparison with results previously obtained in tests of other imidazolium-based ILs as lubricants for the same tribopair. The new results revealed some further important details on the relationship between the chem. structure of the IL and the wear mechanism of the investigated tribopair. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Dodecyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide (cas: 404001-48-5Application In Synthesis of 3-Dodecyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide).

3-Dodecyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide (cas: 404001-48-5) belongs to imidazole derivatives. The solubility of imidazoles in ethers is lower than that in alcohols and decreases with increasing chain length of the ethers . In contrast, the solubility of benzimidazoles in alcohols (C3–C6) is higher than in water and generally decreases with a Imidazole based anticancer drug find applications in cancer chemotherapy. It is used as buffer component for purification of the histidine tagged recombinant proteins in immobilized metal-affinity chromatography (IMAC).Application In Synthesis of 3-Dodecyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Facile structural elucidation of imidazoles and oxazoles based on NMR spectroscopy and quantum mechanical calculations was written by Weitman, Michal;Lerman, Lena;Cohen, Shmuel;Nudelman, Abraham;Major, Dan T.;Gottlieb, Hugo E.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2010.Synthetic Route of C4H5N3O This article mentions the following:

The reaction of 1,2,3-tricarbonyl derivatives with hexamethylenetetramine and ammonium acetate in acetic acid provides an unambiguous approach to the synthesis of imidazoles, whereas the Bredereck reaction of α-halo ketones in formamide, yields both imidazoles and oxazoles. Herein the authors describe a facile methodol. for distinguishing between these heterocyclic compounds based on a combination of NMR spectroscopy and quantum mech. calculations In the NMR data the oxazole C-2 has a chem. shift of ∼150 ppm whereas in the imidazoles it is found at ∼135 ppm, with a ¹ J _C-H of ∼250 Hz for the oxazoles and ∼210 Hz for the imidazoles. ¹ J _C-H values can be easily obtained from a gated-decoupled ¹³C spectrum, and even more trivially, from the separation of the H-2 ¹³C satellites in the ¹H spectra. Addnl., the computed NMR data, obtained from d. functional theory, are in good agreement with the exptl. data and serve as valuable tools in identifying the products of the Bredereck reaction. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-Imidazole-4-carboxamide (cas: 26832-08-6Synthetic Route of C4H5N3O).

1H-Imidazole-4-carboxamide (cas: 26832-08-6) belongs to imidazole derivatives. 1H-imidazole is an imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1. It is a conjugate base of an imidazolium cation. It is a conjugate acid of an imidazolide. It is a tautomer of a 4H-imidazole. The pharmacophore of imidazole exists in bioactive compounds including amino acids, plant growth regulators and therapeutic agents.n increase of the alkyl chain length of the alcohols. Synthetic Route of C4H5N3O

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Insertion reactions of 4H-imidazolylidenes into carbon-hydrogen bonds of alcohols was written by Kang, Uan G.;Shechter, Harold. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 1978.Computed Properties of C4H5N3O This article mentions the following:

Thermolysis of 4-diazoimidazole-5-carboxamide (I) at 60° in primary and secondary alcs. occurs with loss of N to give imidazole-4(5)-carboxamide (II) and RCOR¹ (III; R = R¹ = H, Me; R = Me, R¹ = H) as major redox products and 5(4)-alkoxyimidazole-4(5)-carboxamides (IV; R = Me, Et, CHMe₂, CMe₃) by addition of the alcs. Photolysis of I at 25-30° differs from thermolysis in that N is rapidly expelled and 5(4)-(hydroxyalkyl)imidazole-4(5)-carboxamides (V and VI) are formed along with IV. V and VI result from insertion of 5-carboxamido-4H-imidazolylidene (VII) into the α and β-C-H bonds of the alcs. with subsequent H migration. Oxidn-reduction to II and VI also occurs upon photolysis of I in alcs. which undergo α-dehydrogenation. Photolysis of 5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide (VIII) results in expulsion of N and Me₂NH and generation of VII. The behavior of I and VIII on photolysis in alcs. is similar. 2,5-Diphenyl-4H-imidazolylidene (IX), generated thermally from 5-diazo-2,4-diphenylimidazole at 60°, is a highly reactive carbene which inserts into the C-H bonds of cyclohexane and C₆H₆. Of significance is that IX inserts into a single C-H bond of Me₃COH in 80% yield. Insertion reactions of carbenes into C-H bonds of alcs. may be of synthetic advantage. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-Imidazole-4-carboxamide (cas: 26832-08-6Computed Properties of C4H5N3O).

1H-Imidazole-4-carboxamide (cas: 26832-08-6) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole is the basic core of some natural products such as histidine, purine, histamine and DNA based structures, etc. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. The pharmacophore of imidazole exists in bioactive compounds including amino acids, plant growth regulators and therapeutic agents.n increase of the alkyl chain length of the alcohols. Computed Properties of C4H5N3O

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Zhong, Yong-Li published the artcileNew Method for the Synthesis of Diversely Functionalized Imidazoles from N-Acylated α-Aminonitriles, Related Products of imidazoles-derivatives, the publication is Organic Letters (2004), 6(6), 929-931, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A new general method for the synthesis of medicinally important diversely functionalized imidazoles from N-acylated α-aminonitriles has been developed. N-Acylated α-aminonitriles were reacted with triphenylphosphine and carbon tetrahalide to afford 2,4-disubstituted 5-halo-1H-imidazoles in good yield. This new methodol. was applied for the synthesis of 2-butyl-4-chloro-5-hydroxymethylimidazole. These haloimidazoles can be directly converted to 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazoles through palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions. The reaction of N-[1-cyano-2-(phenylmethoxy)ethyl]pentanamide (I) with carbon tetrachloride gave 2-butyl-4-chloro-5-[(phenylmethoxy)methyl]-1H-imidazole (II) which upon deprotection gave 2-butyl-5-chloro-1H-imidazole-4-methanol, a synthetic intermediate for cozaar.

Organic Letters published new progress about 79047-41-9. 79047-41-9 belongs to imidazoles-derivatives, auxiliary class Imidazole,Chloride,Alcohol, name is (2-Butyl-4-chloro-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methanol, and the molecular formula is C18H16N2O6, Related Products of imidazoles-derivatives.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidazole,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Musser, John H. published the artcilePhenylephrine derivatives as leukotriene D₄ antagonists, Recommanded Product: 2-(Chloromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole, the publication is Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (1987), 30(11), 2087-93, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Two series of phenylephrine derivatives, e.g., I [R = H, Me; R¹ = CONEt₂, COEt, COPh, etc.; Z = (R)-CHOH, (±)-CHOH] and II (R² = 1-methyl-2-oxopyrrolidin-4-yl) (III) were prepared from phenylephrines. Thus, condensing (R)-3-HOC₆H₄CH(OH)CH₂NHMe.HCl with ClCONEt₂ gave (R)-3-HOC₆H₄CH(OH)CH₂NMeCONEt₂, which was alkylated with 2-(chloromethyl)quinoline to give I [R = Me, R¹ = CONEt₂, Z = (R)-CH(OH)] (IV). The most potent compound of the urea series, IV, was active orally as an inhibitor of leukotriene D₄ (LTD₄)- and ovalbumin-induced bronchospasm in the guinea pig, with ED₅₀ 56 mg/kg vs. LTD₄ and 55 mg/kg vs. ovalbumin. When tested as an antagonist of LTD₄-induced contraction of isolated guinea pig tracheal strips, IV was a competitive inhibitor. In the 2nd series, III had oral ED₅₀ 36 mg/kg vs. LTD₄ and 95 mg/kg vs. ovalbumin. III selectively antagonized contractile responses of guinea pig trachea evoked by LTD₄. IV dilated the cat coronary artery and blocked the coronary constrictor effect of LTD₄, and also preserved myocardial integrity in rats 48 h after coronary-artery ligation. When tested in the rat alc.-induced gastric lesion model, III and IV manifested a dose-dependent mucosal protection against EtOH.

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 4760-35-4. 4760-35-4 belongs to imidazoles-derivatives, auxiliary class Chloride,Benzimidazole, name is 2-(Chloromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole, and the molecular formula is C9H9ClN2, Recommanded Product: 2-(Chloromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidazole,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Veenboer, Richard M. P. published the artcileExpedient Syntheses of Neutral and Cationic Au(I)-NHC Complexes, Safety of 1,3-Bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride, the publication is Organometallics (2017), 36(18), 3645-3653, database is CAplus.

The synthesis and isolation of Au(I) precatalysts often requires the generation of several isolable intermediates as well as numerous purification steps. New protocols for the expedient synthesis of neutral [Au(OH)(NHC)] and [Au(CH₂COCH₃)(NHC)] species from [AuCl(NHC)] or [AuCl(DMS)] precursors bearing a variety of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands are presented. These methods can be employed in a telescoping manner for the synthesis of catalytically relevant [Au(NTf₂)(NHC)] and [Au(NHC)(NCCH₃)][BF₄] complexes. These attractive methods are straightforward and practical leading to various complexes in high isolated yields and purity.

Organometallics published new progress about 258278-25-0. 258278-25-0 belongs to imidazoles-derivatives, auxiliary class Achiral NHCs Ligands, name is 1,3-Bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride, and the molecular formula is C13H26N2, Safety of 1,3-Bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidazole,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Concomitant proton pump inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors increase nephritis frequency was written by Kato, Koki;Mizuno, Tomohiro;Koseki, Takenao;Ito, Yoshimasa;Hatano, Masakazu;Takahashi, Kazuo;Yamada, Shigeki;Tsuboi, Naotake. And the article was included in In Vivo in 2021.SDS of cas: 117976-90-6 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Concomitant proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICPI) were determined as risk factors of acute kidney injury. To identify the type of PPI associated with ICPI-induced nephritis, we used the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database. ICPIs (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, ipilimumab, atezolizumab, durvalumab, and avelumab) and PPIs (esomeprazole, omeprazole, vonoprazan, rabeprazole, and lansoprazole) were selected as suspected nephritis-inducing drugs. The cases of concomitant use of atezolizumab and rabeprazole, ipilimumab and omeprazole, ipilimumab and lansoprazole, nivolumab and esomeprazole, nivolumab and omeprazole, nivolumab and rabeprazole, nivolumab and lansoprazole, pembrolizumab and esomeprazole, as well as pembrolizumab and lansoprazole had a significantly higher reported odds ratio than monotherapy cases. Male patients or patients using ICPIs and PPIs (excluded vonoprazan) concomitantly should be monitored for renal function after chemotherapy. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Sodium 2-(((4-(3-methoxypropoxy)-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)methyl)sulfinyl)benzo[d]imidazol-1-ide (cas: 117976-90-6SDS of cas: 117976-90-6).

Sodium 2-(((4-(3-methoxypropoxy)-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)methyl)sulfinyl)benzo[d]imidazol-1-ide (cas: 117976-90-6) belongs to imidazole derivatives. 1H-imidazole is an imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1. It is a conjugate base of an imidazolium cation. It is a conjugate acid of an imidazolide. It is a tautomer of a 4H-imidazole. Imidazole is incorporated into many important biological compounds. The most pervasive is the amino acid histidine, which has an imidazole side-chain. Histidine is present in many proteins and enzymes, e.g. by binding metal cofactors, as seen in hemoglobin.SDS of cas: 117976-90-6

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

New method for synthesis of 2-hetaryl-substituted imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine and imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine was written by Yutilov, Yu. M.;Kovaleva, L. I.. And the article was included in Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii in 1977.Reference of 52538-09-7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Imidazopyridines I [X = Y = CH, Z = N, R = 6-methyl-2-pyridyl (II), 2-quinolyl (III), imidazo [4,5-c] pyridin-2-yl (IV), R1 = H; X = N, Y = Z = CH, R = II, 2-benzothiazolyl, 2-benzimidazoyl, III, 1-methylimidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-2-yl, R1 = Me; X = Z = CH, Y = N, R = IV, R1 = Me] were obtained in 83-98% yields by treatment of the corresponding diaminopyridine V with MeR 3-8h at 165-200°. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2,3-Dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine (cas: 52538-09-7Reference of 52538-09-7).

2,3-Dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine (cas: 52538-09-7) belongs to imidazole derivatives. The solubility of imidazoles in ethers is lower than that in alcohols and decreases with increasing chain length of the ethers . In contrast, the solubility of benzimidazoles in alcohols (C3–C6) is higher than in water and generally decreases with a This ring system is present in important biological building blocks, such as histidine and the related hormone histamine.Reference of 52538-09-7

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem