Wang, Hongbin’s team published research in Molecular Therapy–Nucleic Acids in 2020-03-06 | 6823-69-4

Molecular Therapy–Nucleic Acids published new progress about Antigens, Thy-1 Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Safety of p-Benzenediacrylanilide, 4′,4′′-di-2-imidazolin-2-yl-, dihydrochloride.

Wang, Hongbin; Wei, Hong; Wang, Jingsong; Li, Lin; Chen, Anyue; Li, Zhigao published the artcile< MicroRNA-181d-5p-Containing Exosomes Derived from CAFs Promote EMT by Regulating CDX2/HOXA5 in Breast Cancer>, Safety of p-Benzenediacrylanilide, 4′,4′′-di-2-imidazolin-2-yl-, dihydrochloride, the main research area is gene expression CDX2 miR181d5p epithelial mesenchymal transition breast cancer; CDX2; HOXA5; breast cancer; cancer-associated fibroblasts; epithelial-mesenchymal transition; exosome; microRNA-181d-5p.

Recently, novel mechanisms underlying the pro-tumorigenic effects of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have been identified in several cancers, including breast cancer. CAFs can secrete exosomes that are loaded with proteins, lipids, and RNAs to affect tumor microenvironment. Herein, we identify CAF-derived exosomes that can transfer miR-181d-5p to enhance the aggressiveness of breast cancer. Cancerous tissues and matched paracancerous tissues were surgically resected from 122 patients with breast cancer. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and dual luciferase reporter assays were employed to identify interaction between homeobox A5 (HOXA5) and caudal-related homeobox 2 (CDX2), as well as between CDX2 and miR-181d-5p, resp. Human breast cancer Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) cells were cocultured with CAF-derived exosomes. 5-Ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, TUNEL staining, Transwell invasion assays, and scratch tests were carried out to evaluate MCF-7 cell functions. Nude mice bearing xenografted MCF-7 cells were injected with CAF-derived exosomes, and the tumor formation was evaluated. HOXA5 expressed at a poor level in breast cancer tissues, and its overexpression retarded MCF-7 cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and facilitated its apoptosis in vitro. miR-181d-5p targets CDX2, a transcription factor binding to HOXA5 promoter. Coculture of CAFs and MCF-7 cells showed that CAFs prolonged proliferation and antagonized apoptosis of MCF-7 cells via release of exosomes. Coculture of MCF-7 cells and exosomes derived from CAFs identified miR-181d-5p as a mediator of the exosomal effects on MCF-7 cells, in part, via downregulation of CDX2 and HOXA5. CAF-derived exosomes containing miR-181d-5p promoted the tumor growth of nude mice bearing xenografted MCF-7 cells. In conclusion, exosomal miR-181d-5p plays a key role in CAF-mediated effects on tumor environment in breast cancer, likely via CDX2 and HOXA5.

Molecular Therapy–Nucleic Acids published new progress about Antigens, Thy-1 Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Safety of p-Benzenediacrylanilide, 4′,4′′-di-2-imidazolin-2-yl-, dihydrochloride.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Liu, Anqi’s team published research in International Journal of Oral Science in 2020-01-02 | 6823-69-4

International Journal of Oral Science published new progress about Animal gene, COL1A1 Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Synthetic Route of 6823-69-4.

Liu, Anqi; Jin, Shanshan; Fu, Cuicui; Cui, Shengji; Zhang, Ting; Zhu, Lisha; Wang, Yu; Shen, Steve G. F.; Jiang, Nan; Liu, Yan published the artcile< Macrophage-derived small extracellular vesicles promote biomimetic mineralized collagen-mediated endogenous bone regeneration>, Synthetic Route of 6823-69-4, the main research area is macrophage derived small extracellular vesicle mineralized collagen bone regeneration.

Macrophages play an important role in material-related immune responses and bone formation, but the functionality of macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in material-mediated bone regeneration is still unclear. Here, we evaluated intracellular communication through small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and its effects on endogenous bone regeneration mediated by biomimetic intrafibrillarly mineralized collagen (IMC). After implantation in the bone defect area, IMC generated more neobone and recruited more mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) than did extrafibrillarly mineralized collagen (EMC). More CD63+CD90+ and CD63+CD163+ cells were detected in the defect area in the IMC group than in the EMC group. To determine the functional roles of sEVs, extracellular vesicles from macrophages cultured on different mineralized collagen were isolated, and they showed no morphol. differences. However, macrophage-derived sEVs in the IMC group showed an enhanced Young’s modulus and exerted beneficial effects on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow MSCs by increasing the expression of the osteoblastic differentiation markers BMP2, BGLAP, COL1, and OSX and calcium nodule formation. Mechanistically, sEVs from IMC-treated macrophages facilitated MSC osteogenesis through the BMP2/Smad5 pathway, and blocking sEV secretion with GW4869 significantly impaired MSC proliferative, immunomodulative and osteogenic potential. Taken together, these findings show that macrophage-derived sEVs may serve as an emerging functional tool in biomaterial-mediated endogenous bone regeneration.

International Journal of Oral Science published new progress about Animal gene, COL1A1 Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Synthetic Route of 6823-69-4.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Li, Xiang’s team published research in Translational Lung Cancer Research in 2021 | 6823-69-4

Translational Lung Cancer Research published new progress about Animal gene Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), PRP (Properties), BIOL (Biological Study) (BCAT1). 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Name: p-Benzenediacrylanilide, 4′,4′′-di-2-imidazolin-2-yl-, dihydrochloride.

Li, Xiang; Chen, Zhipeng; Ni, Yaojun; Bian, Chengyu; Huang, Jingjing; Chen, Liang; Xie, Xueying; Wang, Jun published the artcile< Tumor-associated macrophages secret exosomal miR-155 and miR-196a-5p to promote metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer>, Name: p-Benzenediacrylanilide, 4′,4′′-di-2-imidazolin-2-yl-, dihydrochloride, the main research area is tumor associated macrophage mir155 transcriptome lung cancer metastasis; Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs); epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT); exosomes; miR-155; miR-196a-5p; non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Understanding the mol. basis underlying metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) may provide a new therapeutic modality for the treatment of NSCLC. However, the mechanisms by which tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) affect NSCLC metastasis remain undefined. In this study, we aimed to discover a novel regulatory pathway involved in NSCLC metastasis. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), Transwell, western blot assays were used to assess cell viability, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Exosomes from macrophages medium were characterized, and in vitro cell coculture was further conducted to investigate M2 derived exosomes mediated crosstalk between TAMs and tumor cells. Besides, miRNA microarray was used to analyze miRNA expression profiles of M0 and M2 derived exosomes. Luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the potential binding between miRNA and mRNA. Moreover, 6-wk-old male BALB/c nude mice were performed to establish transplantation tumor model using tail vein injection. Hematoxylin & eosin staining was used to detect the metastasis of tumor tissues. We found that M2 TAMs were the main TAMs in metastatic tissues of NSCLC patients and exosomes derived from M2 TAMs were able to promote cell viability, cell migration, cell invasion and EMT in NSCLC. We demonstrated that miR-155 and miR-196a-5p were abundant in M2 TAMs and exosomes secreted by M2 TAMs. Functional experiments demonstrated that the deletion of miR-155 and miR-196a-5p in M2 TAMs significantly prevented NSCLC metastasis in vitro and in vivo. To clarify the mechanism governing miR-155 and miR-196a-5p from M2 TAMs, we carried out bioinformatics anal. to predict potential target genes. Mechanistically, miR-155 and miR-196a-5p directly bound to the 3′-UTR of Ras association domain family member 4 (RASSF4), and neg. regulating RASSF4 expression. At last, rescue assays demonstrated that miR-155 and miR-196a-5p exerted its performance by RASSF4. Overall, we revealed a new regulatory pathway that was M2 TAMs secreted exosomal miR-155 and miR-196a-5p to promote NSCLC metastasis. This dynamic and reciprocal cross-talk between NSCLC and macrophages innovatively provided a potential opportunity for diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC.

Translational Lung Cancer Research published new progress about Animal gene Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), PRP (Properties), BIOL (Biological Study) (BCAT1). 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Name: p-Benzenediacrylanilide, 4′,4′′-di-2-imidazolin-2-yl-, dihydrochloride.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Pilette, Charles’s team published research in Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology in 2021-12-31 | 6823-69-4

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology published new progress about Allergic asthma. 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Recommanded Product: p-Benzenediacrylanilide, 4′,4′′-di-2-imidazolin-2-yl-, dihydrochloride.

Pilette, Charles published the artcile< Role of exosomes in allergic asthma: Signaling platforms between the epithelium and type 2 immunity>, Recommanded Product: p-Benzenediacrylanilide, 4′,4′′-di-2-imidazolin-2-yl-, dihydrochloride, the main research area is exosome allergic asthma signaling epithelium immunity; Asthma; Notch; contactin-1; type 2 immunity.

Exosomes activate (and are uptaken by) monocyte-derived, inflammatory dendritic cells (DCs) through contactin-1 and Notch2 activation, which in turn promotes TH2 cell-and TH17 cell-polarized immune activation along with mucus production and smooth muscle hyperresponsiveness. Airway epithelial cells release increased numbers of CD631 and CD811 exosomes following stimulation by house dust mite (HDM), a major allergen in allergic airway diseases such as rhinitis and asthma, and that those exosomes are also released in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from HDM-exposed mice. To address the role of these exosomes in the pathophysiol. of asthma, exosomes’ release by using GW4869, a noncompetitive inhibitor blocking exosome synthesis and/or release, which resulted in reduced recruitment of eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from HDM-exposed and HDM-challenged mice. Airway tissue infiltration by inflammatory cells, mucus production, and levels of type 2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13), as well as IFN-g levels but not IL-17A levels, were also downregulated.

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology published new progress about Allergic asthma. 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Recommanded Product: p-Benzenediacrylanilide, 4′,4′′-di-2-imidazolin-2-yl-, dihydrochloride.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Choezom, Dolma’s team published research in Journal of Cell Science in 2022-03-31 | 6823-69-4

Journal of Cell Science published new progress about CD81 antigens Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Application In Synthesis of 6823-69-4.

Choezom, Dolma; Gross, Julia Christina published the artcile< Neutral sphingomyelinase 2 controls exosome secretion by counteracting V-ATPase-mediated endosome acidification>, Application In Synthesis of 6823-69-4, the main research area is SMPD3 extracellular vesicle V ATPase maturation; Endosomal cargo sorting; Endosomal maturation; Intraluminal vesicles; Secretory multivesicular bodies; Small extracellular vesicles.

During endosome maturation, neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2, encoded by SMPD3) is involved in budding of intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) into late endosomes or multivesicular bodies (MVBs). Fusion of these with the plasma membrane results in secretion of exosomes or small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). Here, we report that nSMase2 activity controls sEV secretion through modulation of vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) activity. Specifically, we show that nSMase2 inhibition induces V-ATPase complex assembly that drives MVB lumen acidification and consequently reduces sEV secretion. Conversely, we further demonstrate that stimulating nSMase2 activity with the inflammatory cytokine TNFα (also known as TNF) decreases acidification and increases sEV secretion. Thus, we find that nSMase2 activity affects MVB membrane lipid composition to counteract V-ATPase-mediated endosome acidification, thereby shifting MVB fate towards sEV secretion.

Journal of Cell Science published new progress about CD81 antigens Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Application In Synthesis of 6823-69-4.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Vandendriessche, Charysse’s team published research in Acta Neuropathologica Communications in 2021-12-31 | 6823-69-4

Acta Neuropathologica Communications published new progress about Alzheimer disease. 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Application In Synthesis of 6823-69-4.

Vandendriessche, Charysse; Balusu, Sriram; Van Cauwenberghe, Caroline; Brkic, Marjana; Pauwels, Marie; Plehiers, Nele; Bruggeman, Arnout; Dujardin, Pieter; Van Imschoot, Griet; Van Wonterghem, Elien; Hendrix, An; Baeke, Femke; De Rycke, Riet; Gevaert, Kris; Vandenbroucke, Roosmarijn E. published the artcile< Importance of extracellular vesicle secretion at the blood-cerebrospinal fluid interface in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease>, Application In Synthesis of 6823-69-4, the main research area is extracellular vesicle secretion blood cerebrospinal fluid Alzheimer disease pathogenesis; Alzheimer’s disease; Blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier; Choroid plexus; Complement; Extracellular vesicles.

Increasing evidence indicates that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We previously reported that the blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) interface, formed by the choroid plexus epithelial (CPE) cells, releases an increased amount of EVs into the CSF in response to peripheral inflammation. Here, we studied the importance of CP-mediated EV release in AD pathogenesis. We observed increased EV levels in the CSF of young transgenic APP/PS1 mice which correlated with high amyloid beta (Aβ) CSF levels at this age. The intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of Aβ oligomers (AβO) in wild-type mice revealed a significant increase of EVs in the CSF, signifying that the presence of CSF-AβO is sufficient to induce increased EV secretion. Using in vivo, in vitro and ex vivo approaches, we identified the CP as a major source of the CSF-EVs. Interestingly, AβO-induced, CP-derived EVs induced pro-inflammatory effects in mixed cortical cultures. Proteome anal. of these EVs revealed the presence of several pro-inflammatory proteins, including the complement protein C3. Strikingly, inhibition of EV production using GW4869 resulted in protection against acute AβO-induced cognitive decline. Further research into the underlying mechanisms of this EV secretion might open up novel therapeutic strategies to impact the pathogenesis and progression of AD.

Acta Neuropathologica Communications published new progress about Alzheimer disease. 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Application In Synthesis of 6823-69-4.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Wang, Hongbin’s team published research in Molecular Therapy–Nucleic Acids in 2020-03-06 | 6823-69-4

Molecular Therapy–Nucleic Acids published new progress about Antigens, Thy-1 Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Safety of p-Benzenediacrylanilide, 4′,4′′-di-2-imidazolin-2-yl-, dihydrochloride.

Wang, Hongbin; Wei, Hong; Wang, Jingsong; Li, Lin; Chen, Anyue; Li, Zhigao published the artcile< MicroRNA-181d-5p-Containing Exosomes Derived from CAFs Promote EMT by Regulating CDX2/HOXA5 in Breast Cancer>, Safety of p-Benzenediacrylanilide, 4′,4′′-di-2-imidazolin-2-yl-, dihydrochloride, the main research area is gene expression CDX2 miR181d5p epithelial mesenchymal transition breast cancer; CDX2; HOXA5; breast cancer; cancer-associated fibroblasts; epithelial-mesenchymal transition; exosome; microRNA-181d-5p.

Recently, novel mechanisms underlying the pro-tumorigenic effects of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have been identified in several cancers, including breast cancer. CAFs can secrete exosomes that are loaded with proteins, lipids, and RNAs to affect tumor microenvironment. Herein, we identify CAF-derived exosomes that can transfer miR-181d-5p to enhance the aggressiveness of breast cancer. Cancerous tissues and matched paracancerous tissues were surgically resected from 122 patients with breast cancer. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and dual luciferase reporter assays were employed to identify interaction between homeobox A5 (HOXA5) and caudal-related homeobox 2 (CDX2), as well as between CDX2 and miR-181d-5p, resp. Human breast cancer Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) cells were cocultured with CAF-derived exosomes. 5-Ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, TUNEL staining, Transwell invasion assays, and scratch tests were carried out to evaluate MCF-7 cell functions. Nude mice bearing xenografted MCF-7 cells were injected with CAF-derived exosomes, and the tumor formation was evaluated. HOXA5 expressed at a poor level in breast cancer tissues, and its overexpression retarded MCF-7 cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and facilitated its apoptosis in vitro. miR-181d-5p targets CDX2, a transcription factor binding to HOXA5 promoter. Coculture of CAFs and MCF-7 cells showed that CAFs prolonged proliferation and antagonized apoptosis of MCF-7 cells via release of exosomes. Coculture of MCF-7 cells and exosomes derived from CAFs identified miR-181d-5p as a mediator of the exosomal effects on MCF-7 cells, in part, via downregulation of CDX2 and HOXA5. CAF-derived exosomes containing miR-181d-5p promoted the tumor growth of nude mice bearing xenografted MCF-7 cells. In conclusion, exosomal miR-181d-5p plays a key role in CAF-mediated effects on tumor environment in breast cancer, likely via CDX2 and HOXA5.

Molecular Therapy–Nucleic Acids published new progress about Antigens, Thy-1 Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Safety of p-Benzenediacrylanilide, 4′,4′′-di-2-imidazolin-2-yl-, dihydrochloride.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Liu, Anqi’s team published research in International Journal of Oral Science in 2020-01-02 | 6823-69-4

International Journal of Oral Science published new progress about Animal gene, COL1A1 Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Synthetic Route of 6823-69-4.

Liu, Anqi; Jin, Shanshan; Fu, Cuicui; Cui, Shengji; Zhang, Ting; Zhu, Lisha; Wang, Yu; Shen, Steve G. F.; Jiang, Nan; Liu, Yan published the artcile< Macrophage-derived small extracellular vesicles promote biomimetic mineralized collagen-mediated endogenous bone regeneration>, Synthetic Route of 6823-69-4, the main research area is macrophage derived small extracellular vesicle mineralized collagen bone regeneration.

Macrophages play an important role in material-related immune responses and bone formation, but the functionality of macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in material-mediated bone regeneration is still unclear. Here, we evaluated intracellular communication through small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and its effects on endogenous bone regeneration mediated by biomimetic intrafibrillarly mineralized collagen (IMC). After implantation in the bone defect area, IMC generated more neobone and recruited more mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) than did extrafibrillarly mineralized collagen (EMC). More CD63+CD90+ and CD63+CD163+ cells were detected in the defect area in the IMC group than in the EMC group. To determine the functional roles of sEVs, extracellular vesicles from macrophages cultured on different mineralized collagen were isolated, and they showed no morphol. differences. However, macrophage-derived sEVs in the IMC group showed an enhanced Young’s modulus and exerted beneficial effects on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow MSCs by increasing the expression of the osteoblastic differentiation markers BMP2, BGLAP, COL1, and OSX and calcium nodule formation. Mechanistically, sEVs from IMC-treated macrophages facilitated MSC osteogenesis through the BMP2/Smad5 pathway, and blocking sEV secretion with GW4869 significantly impaired MSC proliferative, immunomodulative and osteogenic potential. Taken together, these findings show that macrophage-derived sEVs may serve as an emerging functional tool in biomaterial-mediated endogenous bone regeneration.

International Journal of Oral Science published new progress about Animal gene, COL1A1 Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Synthetic Route of 6823-69-4.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Li, Xiang’s team published research in Translational Lung Cancer Research in 2021 | 6823-69-4

Translational Lung Cancer Research published new progress about Animal gene Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), PRP (Properties), BIOL (Biological Study) (BCAT1). 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Name: p-Benzenediacrylanilide, 4′,4′′-di-2-imidazolin-2-yl-, dihydrochloride.

Li, Xiang; Chen, Zhipeng; Ni, Yaojun; Bian, Chengyu; Huang, Jingjing; Chen, Liang; Xie, Xueying; Wang, Jun published the artcile< Tumor-associated macrophages secret exosomal miR-155 and miR-196a-5p to promote metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer>, Name: p-Benzenediacrylanilide, 4′,4′′-di-2-imidazolin-2-yl-, dihydrochloride, the main research area is tumor associated macrophage mir155 transcriptome lung cancer metastasis; Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs); epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT); exosomes; miR-155; miR-196a-5p; non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Understanding the mol. basis underlying metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) may provide a new therapeutic modality for the treatment of NSCLC. However, the mechanisms by which tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) affect NSCLC metastasis remain undefined. In this study, we aimed to discover a novel regulatory pathway involved in NSCLC metastasis. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), Transwell, western blot assays were used to assess cell viability, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Exosomes from macrophages medium were characterized, and in vitro cell coculture was further conducted to investigate M2 derived exosomes mediated crosstalk between TAMs and tumor cells. Besides, miRNA microarray was used to analyze miRNA expression profiles of M0 and M2 derived exosomes. Luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the potential binding between miRNA and mRNA. Moreover, 6-wk-old male BALB/c nude mice were performed to establish transplantation tumor model using tail vein injection. Hematoxylin & eosin staining was used to detect the metastasis of tumor tissues. We found that M2 TAMs were the main TAMs in metastatic tissues of NSCLC patients and exosomes derived from M2 TAMs were able to promote cell viability, cell migration, cell invasion and EMT in NSCLC. We demonstrated that miR-155 and miR-196a-5p were abundant in M2 TAMs and exosomes secreted by M2 TAMs. Functional experiments demonstrated that the deletion of miR-155 and miR-196a-5p in M2 TAMs significantly prevented NSCLC metastasis in vitro and in vivo. To clarify the mechanism governing miR-155 and miR-196a-5p from M2 TAMs, we carried out bioinformatics anal. to predict potential target genes. Mechanistically, miR-155 and miR-196a-5p directly bound to the 3′-UTR of Ras association domain family member 4 (RASSF4), and neg. regulating RASSF4 expression. At last, rescue assays demonstrated that miR-155 and miR-196a-5p exerted its performance by RASSF4. Overall, we revealed a new regulatory pathway that was M2 TAMs secreted exosomal miR-155 and miR-196a-5p to promote NSCLC metastasis. This dynamic and reciprocal cross-talk between NSCLC and macrophages innovatively provided a potential opportunity for diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC.

Translational Lung Cancer Research published new progress about Animal gene Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), PRP (Properties), BIOL (Biological Study) (BCAT1). 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Name: p-Benzenediacrylanilide, 4′,4′′-di-2-imidazolin-2-yl-, dihydrochloride.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Pilette, Charles’s team published research in Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology in 2021-12-31 | 6823-69-4

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology published new progress about Allergic asthma. 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Recommanded Product: p-Benzenediacrylanilide, 4′,4′′-di-2-imidazolin-2-yl-, dihydrochloride.

Pilette, Charles published the artcile< Role of exosomes in allergic asthma: Signaling platforms between the epithelium and type 2 immunity>, Recommanded Product: p-Benzenediacrylanilide, 4′,4′′-di-2-imidazolin-2-yl-, dihydrochloride, the main research area is exosome allergic asthma signaling epithelium immunity; Asthma; Notch; contactin-1; type 2 immunity.

Exosomes activate (and are uptaken by) monocyte-derived, inflammatory dendritic cells (DCs) through contactin-1 and Notch2 activation, which in turn promotes TH2 cell-and TH17 cell-polarized immune activation along with mucus production and smooth muscle hyperresponsiveness. Airway epithelial cells release increased numbers of CD631 and CD811 exosomes following stimulation by house dust mite (HDM), a major allergen in allergic airway diseases such as rhinitis and asthma, and that those exosomes are also released in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from HDM-exposed mice. To address the role of these exosomes in the pathophysiol. of asthma, exosomes’ release by using GW4869, a noncompetitive inhibitor blocking exosome synthesis and/or release, which resulted in reduced recruitment of eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from HDM-exposed and HDM-challenged mice. Airway tissue infiltration by inflammatory cells, mucus production, and levels of type 2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13), as well as IFN-g levels but not IL-17A levels, were also downregulated.

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology published new progress about Allergic asthma. 6823-69-4 belongs to class imidazoles-derivatives, and the molecular formula is C30H30Cl2N6O2, Recommanded Product: p-Benzenediacrylanilide, 4′,4′′-di-2-imidazolin-2-yl-, dihydrochloride.

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem