Frawley, Rachel P. published the artcileEvaluation of skin sensitization induced by four ionic liquids, Synthetic Route of 79917-90-1, the publication is Journal of Applied Toxicology (2022), 42(3), 392-408, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.
Ionic liquids (ILs) are synthetic solvents used as replacements for volatile organic solvents. Human exposure occurs through dermal or oral routes. In rodents, several ILs were reported to induce dermal toxicity, irritation, and sensitization. Due to the potential for occupational exposure, and industrial use as nonvolatile solvents, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIM, 6.25% to 50% volume/volume), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMIM, 3.12% to 12.5% volume/volume), 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium chloride (BMPY, 0.825% to 6.25% volume/volume), and N-butylpyridinium chloride (NBuPY, 0.825% to 12.5% volume/volume) were nominated to the National Toxicol. Program and evaluated for skin sensitization. The test compound was applied to the ears of female BALB/c mice daily for 3 days in a primary irritancy (IRR)/local lymph node assay (LLNA). Sensitization was assessed in vitro in the direct peptide reactivity assay (DPRA), KeratinoSens assay, and human cell line activation test (h-CLAT). In the LLNA, the butylated ILs, BMIM, and BMPY were more potent than NBuPY (butylated) or EMIM (ethylated), which was neither an irritant nor a sensitizer. NBuPY induced skin irritation in vivo at ≥3.12% (p ≤ 0.01), and sensitization in vitro in the KeratinoSens assay and h-CLAT, but was neg. for sensitization in vivo and in the DPRA. Although SI3 was not achieved, dermal treatment with 12.5% BMIM or 6.25% BMPY increased (p ≤ 0.01) lymph node cell proliferation in the LLNA. In vitro, BMIM was pos. for sensitization in the h-CLAT, and BMPY was pos. in the h-CLAT and KeratinoSens assay; both were neg. in the DPRA. Integrated data analyses, weighted toward in vivo data, suggested that BMIM and BMPY may induce weak to mild sensitization.
Journal of Applied Toxicology published new progress about 79917-90-1. 79917-90-1 belongs to imidazoles-derivatives, auxiliary class Ionic Liquid,Ionic Liquid, name is 3-Butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride, and the molecular formula is C8H15ClN2, Synthetic Route of 79917-90-1.
Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imidazole,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem