Electric Literature of C18H34BF4P. The protonation of heteroatoms in aromatic heterocycles can be divided into two categories: lone pairs of electrons are in the aromatic ring conjugated system; and lone pairs of electrons do not participate. Compound: Tricyclohexylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate, is researched, Molecular C18H34BF4P, CAS is 58656-04-5, about APP+, a Fluorescent Analogue of the Neurotoxin MPP+, Is a Marker of Catecholamine Neurons in Brain Tissue, but Not a Fluorescent False Neurotransmitter. Author is Karpowicz, Richard J. Jr.; Dunn, Matthew; Sulzer, David; Sames, Dalibor.
The authors have previously introduced fluorescent false neurotransmitters (FFNs) as optical reporters that enable visualization of individual dopaminergic presynaptic terminals and their activity in the brain. In this context, the authors examined the fluorescent pyridinium dye 4-(4-dimethylamino)phenyl-1-methylpyridinium (APP+), a fluorescent analog of the dopaminergic neurotoxin MPP+, in acute mouse brain tissue. APP+ is a substrate for the dopamine transporter (DAT), norepinephrine transporter (NET), and serotonin transporter (SERT), and as such represented a candidate for the development of new FFN probes. Here the authors report that APP+ labels cell bodies of catecholaminergic neurons in the midbrain in a DAT- and NET-dependent manner, as well as fine dopaminergic axonal processes in the dorsal striatum. APP+ destaining from presynaptic terminals in the dorsal striatum was also examined under the conditions inducing depolarization and exocytotic neurotransmitter release. Application of KCl led to a small but significant degree of destaining (approx. 15% compared to control), which stands in contrast to a nearly complete destaining of the new generation FFN agent, FFN102. Elec. stimulation of brain slices at 10 Hz afforded no significant change in the APP+ signal. These results indicate that the majority of the APP+ signal in axonal processes originates from labeled organelles including mitochondria, whereas only a minor component of the APP+ signal represents the releasable synaptic vesicular pool. These results also show that APP+ may serve as a useful probe for identifying catecholaminergic innervations in the brain, although it is a poor candidate for the development of FFNs.
《APP+, a Fluorescent Analogue of the Neurotoxin MPP+, Is a Marker of Catecholamine Neurons in Brain Tissue, but Not a Fluorescent False Neurotransmitter》 provides a strategy for the preparation of materials with excellent comprehensive properties, which is conducive to broaden the application field of this compound(Tricyclohexylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate)Electric Literature of C18H34BF4P.
Reference:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem