Month: December 2022

Study on the optical characteristics according to the anion and cation in the ionic liquid and MWCNT ionanofluid was written by Lee, Minjung;Park, Chasik;Cho, Honghyun. And the article was included in International Journal of Nanotechnology in 2022.Safety of 3-Dodecyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide This article mentions the following:

In this paper the light absorption rate with changes in cation and anion of MWCNT ionanofluid was investigated and compared to that of ionic liquid (IL). As a result the light absorbance of [C₁₂MIM][Tf₂N] with a larger cation radius was higher than that of [HMIM][Tf₂N]. In addition the light absorbance of [HMIM][Tf₂N] was lower than that of [HMIM][TfO]. When the MWCNT nanoparticles were added to IL the light absorbance was increased. As the thickness of the fluid layer increased the solar weighted absorption fraction was also increased; however the increment of solar weighted absorption fraction in [HMIM][TfO] IL and ionanofluid increased compared to that of [HMIM][Tf₂N] and [C₁₂MIM][Tf₂N]. Thus light absorbance increases because mols. interfere with the light transmission as the bonding force increases when the cation is large or the anion is small and the crystallization temperature is relatively high. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Dodecyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide (cas: 404001-48-5Safety of 3-Dodecyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide).

3-Dodecyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide (cas: 404001-48-5) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Many natural products, especially alkaloids, contain the imidazole ring. These imidazoles share the 1,3-C3N2 ring but feature varied substituents. Imidazole is incorporated into many important biological compounds. The most pervasive is the amino acid histidine, which has an imidazole side-chain. Histidine is present in many proteins and enzymes, e.g. by binding metal cofactors, as seen in hemoglobin.Safety of 3-Dodecyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Development of thermal dissociation atmospheric chemical ionization source for rapid mass spectrometric analysis of ambient samples was written by Han, Jing;Li, Jian-Qiang;Zhang, Xie;Hu, Bin;Luo, Ming-Biao;Chen, Huan-Wen. And the article was included in Fenxi Huaxue in 2011.Reference of 92507-97-6 This article mentions the following:

A novel thermal dissociation atm. chem. ionization source (TDCI) was developed for rapid chem. ionization of ambient analytes in complex matrixes. By coupling the TDCI source to a com. LTQ XL mass spectrometer, the dissociation of chem. reagents such as ionic liquids was systematically investigated using multiple-stage mass spectrometric experiments The primary ions generated through the thermal dissociation process of the ionic liquids were accelerated by the high voltage applied on the repelling electrode of the TDCI source, and then reacted with the analytes present in the matrixes of the raw samples to produce ions of analytes, which were then guided to the LTQ instrument for mass anal. The construction of the TDCI source was detailed in the text. The effects of the exptl. parameters such as the pyrolysis temperature, the distance, and the angles formed between the electrodes were exptl. studied using the signals of characteristic fragments of the ionic liquid Under the optimal exptl. parameters, TDCI was able to directly ionize a wide variety of compounds, including the poplar (e.g., amino acids, doping compounds) and non-polar chems. (e.g, naphthalene) for sensitive detection using LTQ-MS, without any sample pretreatment. The average time for a single sample anal. was less than 30s, and the relative standard deviation of the method was in the range of 5.9%-11.1%; and the LOD for naphthalene was estimated to be 2.93*10^-7g/L. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride (cas: 92507-97-6Reference of 92507-97-6).

1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride (cas: 92507-97-6) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Many natural products, especially alkaloids, contain the imidazole ring. These imidazoles share the 1,3-C3N2 ring but feature varied substituents. The pharmacophore of imidazole exists in bioactive compounds including amino acids, plant growth regulators and therapeutic agents.n increase of the alkyl chain length of the alcohols. Reference of 92507-97-6

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Formulation and characterization of transdermal patch of Candesartan Celexitil was written by Shabnam, Hira;Singh, Dua Jagdeep;Prasad, D. N.;Anchal, Puri;Sahil, Kaushal. And the article was included in Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics in 2019.Computed Properties of C33H34N6O6 This article mentions the following:

The aim of the present study is to formulate and characterized the transdermal patch of Candesartan celexitil. The objective is study was to increase the bioavailability of drug. In the present study, transdermal patch of Candesartan celexitil were prepared by solvent casting technique employing HPMC cps 50 polymer and glycerin as plasticizer using mercury as substrate. Total thirteen formulation (F1-F13) were prepared having drug and polymer ratio (1:2, 1:4, 1:6, 1:8, and 1:10). From the selected batch F2 containing drug polymer ratio (1:4), four formulations each were prepared and evaluated containg drug urea (1-4%) and oleic acid (1-4%) as permeation enhancer. The prepared transdermal patches were evaluated on the basis of different parameters like weigh, thickness, folding endurance, percent moisture absorption, percent moisture loss, drug content uniformity, in vitro skin permeation study. The fabricated final transdermal patches were further subjected to in vitro permeation study. In order to confirm the exact mechanism of drug release from all the patches, the data were computed and graphed according to Korsmeyer equation. Diffusion exponent of release process controlled by Super case II transport Non- Fickian diffusion, n values of Korsmeyer- Peppas model shows a combination of diffusion and dissolution mechanism indicating the drug release from the formulation was controlled by more than one process. It was concluded that the prepared formulation F13 (4% w/v of oleic acid) showed highest cumulative percent drug release and increase the bioavailability of the drug. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(((Cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl 1-((2′-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate (cas: 145040-37-5Computed Properties of C33H34N6O6).

1-(((Cyclohexyloxy)carbonyl)oxy)ethyl 1-((2′-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-ethoxy-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-7-carboxylate (cas: 145040-37-5) belongs to imidazole derivatives. 1H-imidazole is an imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1. It is a conjugate base of an imidazolium cation. It is a conjugate acid of an imidazolide. It is a tautomer of a 4H-imidazole. Imidazole based anticancer drug find applications in cancer chemotherapy. It is used as buffer component for purification of the histidine tagged recombinant proteins in immobilized metal-affinity chromatography (IMAC).Computed Properties of C33H34N6O6

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Intermediates in the Dimroth rearrangement of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines was written by Jacquier, Robert;Lopez, Helene;Maury, Georges. And the article was included in Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry in 1973.SDS of cas: 25045-82-3 This article mentions the following:

Imidazo 1,2-a% pyridines, activated by a nitro group at position 6 or 8 undergo the Dimroth rearrangement in aqueous basic media. Intermediates of the rearrangement were detected and their structures investigated spectroscopically. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Nitroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine (cas: 25045-82-3SDS of cas: 25045-82-3).

6-Nitroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine (cas: 25045-82-3) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole is the basic core of some natural products such as histidine, purine, histamine and DNA based structures, etc. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. Imidazole is incorporated into many important biological compounds. The most pervasive is the amino acid histidine, which has an imidazole side-chain. Histidine is present in many proteins and enzymes, e.g. by binding metal cofactors, as seen in hemoglobin.SDS of cas: 25045-82-3

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Regioselective Hydroboration and Hydrosilylation of N-Heteroarenes Catalyzed by a Zinc Alkyl Complex was written by Wang, Xinxin;Zhang, Yu;Yuan, Dan;Yao, Yingming. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2020.HPLC of Formula: 1632-83-3 This article mentions the following:

Readily available zinc alkyl complexes showed good activity and regioselectivity in catalyzing hydroboration and hydrosilylation of N-heteroarenes. Hydroboration of benzo-fused N-heterocycles gave exclusive 1,2-addition products in 80-97% yields. Reactions of pyridines afforded a mixture of 1,2-, 1,4-, and 1,6-products in yields of 55-95%, with 1,2-dihydropyridine as the main product. Bis-hydrosilylation was observed for quinoline derivatives, generating bis-1,2-hydrosilylation products in 76-96% yields. Kinetic studies and control experiments were conducted to gain some insights into the reaction mechanism. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methylbenzimidazole (cas: 1632-83-3HPLC of Formula: 1632-83-3).

1-Methylbenzimidazole (cas: 1632-83-3) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Many natural products, especially alkaloids, contain the imidazole ring. These imidazoles share the 1,3-C3N2 ring but feature varied substituents. Imidazole has been usedin the lysis, wash and elution buffer for the purification of histidine tagged Sonic Hedgehog(shh-N) protein, in elution buffer in stepwise gradient for the purification of histidine tagged aldo keto reductases using nickel affinity chromatography, as a component of homogenization buffer for the purification of phagosomal compartments from dendritic cells.HPLC of Formula: 1632-83-3

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

A new route to imidazo[1,5-a]pyridines and -quinolines was written by Kolar, Patrik;Tisler, Miha. And the article was included in Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung, B: Chemical Sciences in 1991.Recommanded Product: Ethyl imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine-1-carboxylate This article mentions the following:

A new synthetic approach for imidazo(1,5-a)pyridines, e.g., I, and imidazo(1,5-a)quinolines, e.g., II (R = H, Me) from the corresponding alkyl(pyridyl-2′)- or (quinolyl-2′)glycinates, e.g., III and IV, resp., is described. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine-1-carboxylate (cas: 119448-87-2Recommanded Product: Ethyl imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine-1-carboxylate).

Ethyl imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine-1-carboxylate (cas: 119448-87-2) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole is a heterocyclic compound with a five-membered planar ring. It is amphoteric and highly polar. Imidazole also acts as a microtubule destabilizing agents and inhibits topoisomerase and Cytochrome P450 Family 26 Subfamily A Member 1 (CYP26A1) enzymes.Recommanded Product: Ethyl imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine-1-carboxylate

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Rational Design of Novel Selective Dual-Target Inhibitors of Acetylcholinesterase and Monoamine Oxidase B as Potential Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Agents was written by Xu, Yixiang;Zhang, Jian;Wang, Huan;Mao, Fei;Bao, Keting;Liu, Wenwen;Zhu, Jin;Li, Xiaokang;Zhang, Haiyan;Li, Jian. And the article was included in ACS Chemical Neuroscience in 2019.Reference of 58442-17-4 This article mentions the following:

Multifunctional agents aiming at cholinesterases (ChEs) and monoamine oxidases (MAOs) are promising therapy for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Herein, a series of novel propargylamine-modified pyrimidinylthiourea derivatives (1-4) were designed and synthesized as dual inhibitors of ChEs and MAOs with other functions against AD. Most of these derivatives inhibited ChEs and MAOs with IC₅₀ values in the micro- or nanomolar ranges. Compound 1c displayed the dual functional profile of targeting the AChE (IC₅₀ = 0.032 ± 0.007 μM) and MAO-B (IC₅₀ = 2.117 ± 0.061 μM), along with the improved blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, antioxidant ability, and good copper chelating property in vitro. Animal studies showed that compound 1c·HCl could inhibit the cerebral AChE/MAO-B activities and alleviate scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in mice. Combined with good oral bioavailability (F = 45.55%), these findings demonstrated that compound 1c may be a potent brain permeable multifunctional candidate for the treatment of AD. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-Benzimidazole-5-carbaldehyde (cas: 58442-17-4Reference of 58442-17-4).

1H-Benzimidazole-5-carbaldehyde (cas: 58442-17-4) belongs to imidazole derivatives. The solubility of imidazoles in ethers is lower than that in alcohols and decreases with increasing chain length of the ethers . In contrast, the solubility of benzimidazoles in alcohols (C3–C6) is higher than in water and generally decreases with a Imidazole is incorporated into many important biological compounds. The most pervasive is the amino acid histidine, which has an imidazole side-chain. Histidine is present in many proteins and enzymes, e.g. by binding metal cofactors, as seen in hemoglobin.Reference of 58442-17-4

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Solvatochromism of heteroaromatic compounds: XXVIII. Factors affecting the nonspecific solvatochromic effect in the UV spectra of aromatic nitro compounds in aprotic protophilic solvents was written by Vokin, A. I.;Shulunova, A. M.;Aksamentova, T. N.;Bozhenkov, G. V.;Turchaninov, V. K.. And the article was included in Russian Journal of General Chemistry in 2006.Reference of 3034-41-1 This article mentions the following:

Examination of the UV spectra of a large series of solvatochromic indicators of the general formula 1-X-4-NO₂-C₆H₄ in aprotic solvents confirmed the proportionality between the dipole moments of these compounds in the ground (μ_g) and first electronically excited (¹A₁, μ_e) states: μ_e = r_μμ_g. The coefficient r_μ was determined by applying the equation of the Bakhshiev-Bilot-Kawski solvatochromism theory both to nonspecifically solvated mols. and to their H complexes with aprotic protophilic solvents. An anisotropy of the electron redistribution was revealed for low-symmetry 1-substituted 2,4-dinitrobenzenes. The r_μ value obtained allowed the calculation of the Kamlet-Taft empirical solvatochromic parameter π* on the basis of generalized characteristics of the solvent. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-4-nitroimidazole (cas: 3034-41-1Reference of 3034-41-1).

1-Methyl-4-nitroimidazole (cas: 3034-41-1) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Many natural products, especially alkaloids, contain the imidazole ring. These imidazoles share the 1,3-C3N2 ring but feature varied substituents. This ring system is present in important biological building blocks, such as histidine and the related hormone histamine.Reference of 3034-41-1

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Theoretical studies on tautomerism and IR spectra of C-5 substituted imidazoles was written by Kurzepa, M.;Dobrowolski, J. Cz.;Mazurek, A. P.. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Structure in 2001.Synthetic Route of C4H5N3O This article mentions the following:

Total energy, Gibbs free energy, the highest π and σ electronic states, and IR spectra were calculated for twelve C-5 substituted imidazoles at the MP2/6-311++G^** level. The COOH and BH₂ groups stabilize strongly the N₁-H tautomer, the F and OH groups stabilize strongly the N₃-H tautomer, whereas the NH₂ and NO₂ groups favors the N₃-H tautomer with a similar, medium strength. The calculated IR spectra of the imidazoles studied reveal differences between the two tautomers, but they do not follow the order of derivatives emerging from the energetics. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1H-Imidazole-4-carboxamide (cas: 26832-08-6Synthetic Route of C4H5N3O).

1H-Imidazole-4-carboxamide (cas: 26832-08-6) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. Imidazole has become an important synthon in the development of new drugs. The pharmacophore of imidazole exists in bioactive compounds including amino acids, plant growth regulators and therapeutic agents.n increase of the alkyl chain length of the alcohols. Synthetic Route of C4H5N3O

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem

Isolation and characterisation of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid-tolerant and biodegrading marine bacteria was written by Megaw, Julianne;Busetti, Alessandro;Gilmore, Brendan F.. And the article was included in PLoS One in 2013.Formula: C4H7ClN2 This article mentions the following:

The aim of this study was to isolate and identify marine-derived bacteria which exhibited high tolerance to, and an ability to biodegrade, 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquids The salinity and hydrocarbon load of some marine environments may induce selective pressures which enhance the ability of microbes to grow in the presence of these liquid salts. The isolates obtained in this study generally showed a greater ability to grow in the presence of the selected ionic liquids compared to microorganisms described previously, with two marine-derived bacteria, Rhodococcus erythropolis and Brevibacterium sanguinis growing in concentrations exceeding 1 M 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride. The ability of these bacteria to degrade the selected ionic liquids was assessed using High Performance Liquid Chromatog. (HPLC), and three degrade the selected ionic liquids by up to 59% over a 63-day test period. These bacterial isolates represent excellent candidates for further potential applications in the bioremediation of ionic liquid-containing waste or following accidental environmental exposure. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride (cas: 35487-17-3Formula: C4H7ClN2).

1-Methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride (cas: 35487-17-3) belongs to imidazole derivatives. Imidazole is the basic core of some natural products such as histidine, purine, histamine and DNA based structures, etc. Among the different heterocyclic compounds, imidazole is better known due to its broad range of chemical and biological properties. Imidazole is incorporated into many important biological compounds. The most pervasive is the amino acid histidine, which has an imidazole side-chain. Histidine is present in many proteins and enzymes, e.g. by binding metal cofactors, as seen in hemoglobin.Formula: C4H7ClN2

Referemce:
Imidazole – Wikipedia,
Imidazole | C3H4N2 – PubChem